Over Population Essay -- essays research papers

The number of inhabitants in our planet will rapidly arrive at a point where there won't be satisfactory measure of assets to help life on Earth. Populace control must be authorized to dodge such a disastrous event. Numerous financial, social and ecological issues are either associated with or are expanded because of overpopulation. With an exponentially expanding total populace, the issues made by overpopulation develop correspondingly. So as to balance out the huge populace, the world must cooperate to keep up populace dependability. One of the primary reasons is because of the way that Man treats his environmental factors, for instance like his property, his condition, his air, his waters and other life frames as simply protests. Man uses, annihilates and disposes of them when he’s finish. On the off chance that Man doesn't regard his planet, there will be nothing left aside from a dead, fruitless no man's land. We should act soon or even better, presently. The earth needs more assets to flexibly the current huge populace development. In numerous regions, there is basically insufficient food to take care of the developing populaces. 150 million kids on the planet experience the ill effects of unforeseen weakness because of food deficiencies. Nearby with food, there is another asset that can't stay aware of the expanding populace, that is water. Our gracefully of new water is extremely fundamental to life and restricted. Eventhough, our earth is secured with 2/3 of water and 1/3 land, changing over salt water to new water can be costly. In additi...

ENTERAL NUTRITION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ENTERAL NUTRITION - Essay Example paper looks at Weenen et al., (2014) explore according to giving an efficient way to deal with accomplishing research prioritization in enteral nourishment. From the examination directed the outcomes got were comparable to characterizing the malady regions that required more consideration, positioning significance of item qualities of cylinder taking care of lastly appraisal of the association of KOLs in enteral sustenance (Fulbrook, Bongers and Albarran, 2007). Weenen et al., (2014) positioned three item qualities and three infection territories that merited more research consideration by summing up the general scores by duplicating positions for the two items attributes and illness zones. The outcomes were seventeen subjective meetings directed, and seventy-seven polls finished and returned, which was just thirty-five percent in extents. The prominent sickness zones by Weenen et al., (2014) in oral healthful supplements(ONS) and cylinder taking care of with most noteworthy needs are ONS, general lack of healthy sustenance and geriatrics, sythesis and clinical proof, taste from a KOL point of view and taste from a patient viewpoint. The paper by Weenen et al., (2014) is huge for the branch of knowledge in that it featured the inclusion of KOLs in the recognizable proof of research needs as they have capacity to give adjusted perspective on the neglected patient needs. Weenen et al., (2014) expressed that sixty-two percent of all KOLs offered guidance to enteral sustenance organizations on understanding needs by affecting the setting of research needs by enteral nourishment. This was a restriction of the quantitative research examination embraced on understanding needs and enteral nourishment in the market. Furthermore, there was a high disparity between item trademark prioritization from a KOL and patient point of view. Fulbrook, Bongers and Albarran (2007) examined about European enteral nourishment and grown-up concentrated consideration units and noticed that in order to suitably know the patients’ needs and enteral

And now, we wait! COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

And now, we wait! COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog (Though with the SIPA application deadlines passed, its more like  you wait and we thank you for your patience.) For those applying to the Fall 2019 term for the MIA and MPA programs, the February 5th deadline has passed. What happens on our end: The joy of reading applications, and putting together events for the spring! You can look forward to signing up for SIPA class visits, events for admitted students to meet the global SIPA community, and opportunities to chat with SIPA students and alumni about their experiences one-on-one. For those of you looking to apply in the future, keep an eye out! Its good to spread out your research instead of cramming all the events into one. In the meantime, the Spring 2019 semester is in full swing and well continue updating you on the blog on events happening at Columbia University SIPA, scholarship opportunities, and more. If you want us to address something on the blog that you havent seen yet, please shoot us an email. Well have takes from SIPA students throughout the next few weeks about looking towards life after SIPA, how to decipher the numerous SIPA course offerings, and advice on learning languages for your future career. For now, heres a taste of whats happening on the SIPA campus: Discussing entrepreneurship with a social missions with Warby Parker co-founder Neil Blumenthal. One billion people in the world don’t have access to eyeglasses. That’s the statistic that led Neil Blumenthal to co-found Warby Parker, the e-commerce eyeglasses retailer now valued at $1.2 billion. Blumenthal, who today is the company’s CEO, visited SIPA on January 28 to explain “How We Turned $120,000 Into a Billion-Dollar Eyeglass Brand.” The lecture was sponsored by SIPA’s  Management  specialization; specialization director  Sarah Holloway  introduced Blumenthal, and Inés  Dionis MPA ’19 mediated a QA session following his remarks. After graduating from Tufts, where he studied conflict resolution, Blumenthal â€" a native of New York City â€" was connected to a doctor running a program that trained low-income women to give vision screenings and sell eyeglasses. The next thing he knew, Blumenthal said, he was working with a foundation doing the same work in El Salvador, where he first learned that fashion matters. “No matter where you live, you care about your appearance,” he said. The idea to turn this nonprofit idea into a private company came while Blumenthal was enrolled in an MBA program at Penn’s Wharton School. His friend (and eventual co-founder) Dave Gilboa was complaining about losing a $700 pair of glasses on a plane. As a banker, before he attended business school, Gilboa could easily afford a new pair; as an ex-banker and current student, his circumstances were a little different. As Blumenthal recounted, e-commerce was just beginning to take off at that time, but no one had tried selling glasses online yet. And so the idea cutting out the middleman â€" the distributor â€" in order to sell less expensive glasses was born. The idea was tested for a year at Wharton, where the founders flooded their fellow students with focus groups. “The ecosystem [at graduate school] is great for building a business,” said Blumenthal. “Entrepreneurship is about testing in a proactive way.” Testing and experimentation became a core value of the company that would become Warby Parker, Blumenthal said. In their first rounds of testing, the founders developed what became the central tenets of Warby Parker’s business model. They quickly discovered that prospective customers wanted to interact with the product before buying. This led to the practice for which Warby Parker became known â€" giving customers the chance to try on five pairs of glasses at home. A mentor at Wharton suggested that customers would perceive their planned price of $45 as low-quality and cheap. After determining that people were equally willing to spend $100 for a pair of glasses, the team ultimately landed on $95. But the founders also never forgot their nonprofit roots. From the beginning, for every pair of glasses Warby Parker sold, the company donated to those in need. Almost immediately, Warby Parker’s social mission got attention. GQ and Vogue magazines came knocking, each seeking to do a piece on the internet e-tailer with a cause. Blumenthal, Gilboa, and two other co-founders launched Warby Parker in 2010 amid a flurry of great press. Within 48 hours, they had run out of inventory of the try-on sets. They hit their first-year sales goal easily. From there, Warby Parker only grew. The company expanded quickly to brick-and-mortar stores, opening up their first showroom in Blumenthal’s Philadelphia apartment, using his wife’s mirror. After discovering a shortage of optometrists, Warby Parker started offering screening done entirely on personal screens, phones, and computers. By 2018, Warby Parker was valued at $1.2 billion. To Blumenthal, the company’s social mission and profit goals have always been intrinsically linked. It was obvious, however, that to successfully scale both, they couldn’t do everything. Instead of managing the a nonprofit and private company at the same time, Warby Parker started partnering with outside nonprofits, like VisionSpring, to provide funding. This took the fundraising burden off of the nonprofit partners and allows them to devote more time to the cause. At home in New York, where the company is headquartered, they have partnered with the office of the mayor to provide screenings and glasses to all New York City kindergarteners. Blumenthal’s message to entrepreneurial SIPA students is to know their brand and customer base â€" to “test, test, test” and be driven by a clear purpose and mission. “We believed in the power of brands to influence culture and society. Brands can stand for something much more than the individual product.” â€"  Claire Teitelman MPA ’19

Photographs Capture Time And Create Meaning - 916 Words

Photographs capture time and create meaning. Mark Klett’s â€Å"Under the Dark Cloth†, is a simple, yet compelling piece of art which captures his experience in Monument Valley, Arizona on May 27th, 1989. The perspective of the photograph is strategic in allowing the viewers to see from Klett’s point of view. This angle places the viewer in the first person, connecting them directly to the image. Images of landscapes are often engrossing, Klett’s piece does this on two planes. In the text, Visual Methodologies, author, Gillian Rose uses semiotics as a way to make sense of an image. She defines semiotics as the study of signs and their use or interpretation, or, â€Å"how images make meaning† (pg. 75). Under close inspection of Mark Klett’s â€Å"Under†¦show more content†¦Another question could be looked at through the lens of â€Å"positional communication†. â€Å"Who is positioned as superior and who inferior?† (pg. 82). The photographer makes the audience feel as if they are a part of the image, giving the audience a connection to the subject of the photograph. This allows power within the image to be equally distributed and shared between human and nature. The objects within the image, such as the watch, camera, and dark cloth connote time, preservation, and reflection. Klett’s use of signs give his photo the purpose it needs to remain captivating. Within Klett’s photo, icons, indexes, and symbols are all presented. The icon most prevalent in the image is the upside down image of Monument Valley. This iconic image represents that specific rock structure in the valley. This image is also a synecdochal sign, it is a part of this rocky range, representing the national park as a whole. The two indexes that stand out immediately are the camera and the dark cloth. When you see a camera- you immediately think of documentation or memories. When we think of something under the dark cloth or in a dark space we think of referees reviewing a play or the process of developing a photograph. When someone is under the dark cloth, it is a personal, capturing moment. This sign is a moment of silence and critical reflection. The symbols which are presented in the photograph include the camera, watch, and the style of the photograph.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Cave Wall 896 Words   |  4 Pagescave wall paintings have shown us that even early man have wanted to create an identity through art, even though we don not have knowledge of the individual(s) identity, we know of their existence. Throughout humanity the image can be viewed as a conceptual idea, the actual capturing an image, making this object has only been around for 170 years, however are brains have the ability to capture images, not only that it can capture images and renders them into dreams. This imaginary ‘visions’ are ourRead MoreThe Digital Possession Of Human Since The 19th Century1154 Words   |  5 Pagesthe society changes. Information flows differently in the respective time, and the movement has transformed the social interaction between people. 2. Not only the advancement of publishing text, but also imagery, and I will focus on photography. Photography is the common possession of human since the 19th century. The purposes of creating photographs are numerous. The distinctiveness of photo taking creates different meaning, which had its power to influence the society. 3. This essay will aimRead MoreThe Unique Work of Roy DeCarava 1065 Words   |  4 Pageshe took most of his photographs. He originally started out painting and first began using a camera to document images he would later use in his painting, but over time began to rely on the camera more until that became his medium for art. Throughout his life, DeCavara was forced to deal with racial discrimination, which in part led him to begin photographing African Americans and their experiences in 20th century America. In the 1940’s DeCarava began shooting a series photographs in Harlem, which laterRead MoreThe Influence of Eastman Kodak Company on Photography Essay645 Words   |  3 Pagesis because of the processing. Using a similar image capture system, the brownie exposed the light to a 120mm roll of film, which could be wound round, meaning six photographs could be taken before the slides needed removing. The first Brownie used a six-exposure cartridge that Kodak processed for th e photographer. (Kodak.com, n.d.) Realistically, the armature photographers did not need to understand darkroom processes, they could simply use capture the subjects, and send it to be developed. The camerasRead MoreVisual Analysis of Daviss Photograph Essays709 Words   |  3 Pagescreated them. The recollection of events and the deterioration of memories over time is a constant process that cannot be stopped. This inevitable passing of memory is fused to the inevitable passing of human life. Emily Davis’s still life photograph of wineglasses is reflective and fragmented, allowing the image to act as a metaphor for this fleeting aspect of memory through its own memory-like qualities. The photograph is also symbolic of the transience of human life through the use of the traditionalRead MoreThe Mirror Like Reflection Of Art956 Words   |  4 Pagesrepresent femininity as the main idea, one shows a realistic expression of the beauty, the other image is the author’s p erception of the same idea through the different composition settings, style, and creation time. Influenced by the detailed realism, Johannes Vermeer overcomes the interdicts of his time by creating his most illusionistic image in The Milkmaid. (figure 1) The painting seems almost photographic in its realism. Constantly experimenting with different techniques, Vermeer had secretly used theRead More Comparing Let Us Now Praise Famous Men and An American Exodus: A Record of Human Erosion1372 Words   |  6 PagesComparing Let Us Now Praise Famous Men and An American Exodus: A Record of Human Erosion The Great Depression, which began with the stock market crash of 1929 and lasted for the next decade, was a time of desperation and disorientation in America. In an effort to bring the country back on its feet, President Roosevelt initiated the Farm Security Administration (FSA) project. Photographers were hired and sent across the United States to document Americans living in poverty, and Dorothea Lange andRead MoreFilm and Movement936 Words   |  4 Pagesthe ability to freeze and capture for unlimited time a specific moment in time and space. However, these technologies also arose issues surrounding concepts of art and reproduction right along side depiction of reality through certain medium. Walter Benjamin’s essay â€Å"The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction† and Siegfried Kracauer’s, â€Å"Basic Concepts,† in Theory of Film, seek to convey the relationship between film and its ability to capture movement in time, concentrating in film ’s qualitiesRead MoreDanforth Art Museum Essay1543 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Brooke Payson 10/27/13 Danforth Art Museum Photograph Essay For many, abandoned buildings hold keys to the past. They are places frozen in time- authentic, eerie, and intriguing all in the same. Photographer and mixed media artist Samuel Quinn is one willing to break laws and trespass property in order to explore and capture these deserted wonders. In 2008, while in the South Shore driving his friend home, Quinn passed an eye-catching abandoned white house that stood lifeless in between twoRead MoreObserving William Penns Photography781 Words   |  3 PagesI Description At first glance I notice this Irving Penn photograph seems mysterious and blurry, much like a lot of his works of art. He uses the blurring technique to make you wonder more in detail what is going on in the photo. When researching, I found most of his works are portraits unlike Cretan Landscape. Irving Penn was known as a photographer whose classical simplicity transformed the pages of Vogue magazine. There are very few great portraitists, but he is a sort of sorcerer who seems

Essay on Should College Athletes Get Paid - 2275 Words

The question of whether or not college athletes should get paid is of heated debate in todays times. While many believe that student athletes are entitled to income, It remains undougtibly a concern of moral interest to universities across the country. This paper is going to explain the pros and cons that come with allowing student athletes the right to receive a salary. Should college athletes be paid? Let’s take a quick glance at the pros and cons of each perspective. For starters, in my opinion, yes, college athletes should get paid. What deserves debate, is the conversation of how to get this done. From my experience, in America, you get paid in proportion to the value you bring to the marketplace. College sports is one, if not the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"They need to have some real money to walk around with that they can live off of.† Student athletes are not allowed to work much under NCAA regulations, and those who are in favor of paying them often point to that rule as a reason college athletes need money. But that reason isn’t enough for all coaches to share O’Brien’s views toward paying student athletes. Wrestling coach Russ Hellickson answered the same question: Should student athletes be paid? He came up with a very different response. â€Å"No, but they should be able to get what, say, a Pr esidential Scholar gets,† he said in an e-mail. â€Å"This should be an educational experience.† Presidential Scholars receive full in-state tuition, room and board, book allowances and miscellaneous expenses — a total that OSU media relations estimates to be $12,483 per year for in-state students. That is nearly $2,000 more than an in-state athlete receives, even if they are awarded a full scholarship. Most of that $2,000 falls under the category of miscellaneous expenses, something athletes do not receive money for. The extra scholarship money is to be used for â€Å"athletic tickets, book costs, bus passes; anything that students need for living,† said Amy Murray, OSU spokeswoman. Some coaches are in favor of keeping things exactly as they are, without raising scholarship levels. Softball coach Linda Kalafatis said she did not feel wellShow MoreRelatedShould College Athletes Get Paid?1338 Words   |  6 Pages13,2016 Should College Athletes Get Paid College sports are something that everyone has thought about, and many question whether or not they should get paid for it. Many Americans question whether or not it is right or wrong to pay college athletes to play sports. College athletes deal with a lot, from balancing classes to long practices in the evening. College is supposed to be a time when some individual figures out what he or she wants to do, but not for athletes. Most college athletes go to collegeRead MoreShould College Athletes Get Paid?853 Words   |  4 PagesShould College Athletes Really Get Paid? The question whether â€Å"If college athletes should get paid or not?† has been debated for many years. The debate is brought up every year during the NCAA men’s basketball, March Madness competition, and starts again when football season begins. College athletes do provide entertainment for sports fans, but all the benefits that they do receive should limit them from being paid. The benefits student athletes obtain is free tuition, health coverage, and an openedRead MoreShould College Athletes Get Paid?1742 Words   |  7 PagesShould College Athletes Get Paid? Should college athletes be paid? This has been a controversial topic ever since college sports started. Many people argue that they should. Many people argue that they should not. College athletes should get paid because they work extremely hard playing their sport. The people that say they should be paid argue that the amount of time athletes dedicate is equivalent to a full-time job, and maybe even more. The people that say they should not get paid argue that collegeRead MoreShould College Athletes Get Paid?1196 Words   |  5 Pagesa huge debate on whether or not college athletes should be paid. For years now college athletes have gone out and performed on national television, working hard to make it to the next level. They have given it there all, and not only that, the athletes bring in about $11 billion in annual revenue from college sports. Now days, sports is a business, and college sports are the same. Division 1 college sports provide a lot of income for the universities. Many athletes receive scholarships and a littleRead MoreShould College Athletes Get Paid?999 Words   |  4 PagesPlaying a college sport today is not just fun anymore. College sports are becoming a business and the athletes are the workers. The money some sports programs make from ticket sales, concessions, and media exposure is tremendous. Students playing sports are the ones people pay money to watch, so do the colleges not pay the athletes since they are the ones that bring in the money. They train year around to make themselves and their team better but what do they see for all of this hard work and dedicationRead MoreShould College Athletes Get Paid1503 Words   |  7 PagesTrey P. Ragas Mr. Derm English 4 21 April 2016 Should College Athletes Get Paid In the course of recent decades, school sports have increased enormous ubiquity over the United States. Whether it be football, ball, or hockey, since the time that the turn of the century, intercollegiate games have acquired an overflow of income to their separate Universities, and in addition expanding the fame of the College s notoriety. For instance, in a study directed by the Orlando Sentinel, it wasRead MoreShould College Athletes Get Paid?793 Words   |  4 Pagesscholarships given to college athletes are not sufficient enough to sustain them throughout the year, which is why I believe they should get paid and receive benefits. Student athletes, especially football and basketball players, play a major role in generating revenue for schools, businesses, coaches and the players do not see a penny. College athletes often do not have money in their pockets for extra food, clothes, housing and extracurricular activities. They also can potentially get dropped from theirR ead MoreShould College Athletes Get Paid?942 Words   |  4 Pagespopularity of college basketball and football keeps increasing each sport season. These sports bring in millions of dollars towards there universities every year. Are these universities ripping these athletes off? Should college athletes get paid? They risk their bodies to bring money for their school. While college athletics bring money toward their schools, paying athletes would change the main role of the university which is to get an education. Athletes forget that they are student-athletes. It seemsRead MoreCollege Athletes Should Get Paid1749 Words   |  7 PagesCollege athletes should get paid Imagine working day in and day out every day to meet academic standards and trying to keep your level of play competitive up. That’s what college athletes go through every day. College athletes have gained immense popularity over the past few decades. The NCAA took advantage of this and made billions of dollars off college athletics According to USA Today, the NCAA last season the NCAA made over $845 Billion dollars in revenue from games, merchandise sales, televisionRead MoreShould College Athletes Get Paid?2214 Words   |  9 Pages Jasmine Arenas College Athletics: Should college athletes get paid? Over the years, we have seen colleges and universities benefit extremely from their sports programs. Every year a great team brings tremendous amounts of revenue for their university. However, as these universities increase their finances, their athletes are falling behind financially, academically, socially and personally creating a huge burden upon them. College/university athletes practically work overtime for their academic

IKEA Case Study Pirsoi Teodora C1 - 1572 Words

IKEA – CASE STUDY Is IKEA’s success sustainable? 1. List IKEA’s external and internal challenges. Looking at IKEA’s challenges, which do you think pose the greatest threats? Why? How would you address the challenges? External challenges Opening new stores to drive future growth Finding new sources of supply to support more store openings Find suppliers to be a strategic fit with its highly efficient operations Given the issue of deforestation and the link to global warming, IKEA would need to take into consideration finding a low-cost material as a replacement for wood. Internal challenges The person responsible for all the strategic decisions made for IKEA and the influence he has on the culture and organization of the company The†¦show more content†¦Kamprad implemented and kept all through the company’s history up to the present moment. 3. Did it surprise you to learn that both a developed country ( the United States) and also emerging economies (i.e. China and Russia) are the fastest growing international markets for IKEA? Does this fact pose any challenges in the way IKEA ought to compete across the globe? Why or why not? Personally I was not surprised to learn that IKEA has the fastest growing international markets both in developed countries such as the United States and emerging economies such as China and Russia. The main reason why it did not was that I know that their products are really affordable, but at the same time of pretty high quality. IKEA tries to have products that are both useful and pleasant, affordable, but still durable. Even if their main target market would be the average or low income consumers, the still have a quality satisfactory enough to reach the expectation of the high income consumers as well. Therefore, it does not really matter the level of general development or the income of the potential customers on the market, they still succeed to convince and prove that their products are reliable at a decent price, that makes it a double benefit for its customers. As regarding the challenges in the way IKEA ought to compete around the globe, I think that they should not be so worried about the other competitors on the market in their market segment.

Discuss Ways in Which Edward Thomas Presents Memory in ‘Aspens’ free essay sample

Empty as sky, with every other sound No ceasing, calls there ghosts from their abode† Discuss ways in which Thomas presents memory in ‘Aspens’. In your answer, explore the effects of language, imagery and verse form, and consider how this poem relates to other poems by Thomas that you have studied. Memory is presented as either a way of life or a community of change, as demonstrated in ‘Aspens’, ‘Old Man’, ‘Aldestrop’. He does this through the variety of techniques such as change in form, use of imagery and alternations in the tone of each poem to explore memory. As well as this, Thomas explicates the devastation of emptiness due to the consequence of war, which is portrayed through the use of soft consonantal sounds or the use of sibilance to carry the silence through the poem as it does in the places described in each poem. Quatrain A, B, A, B combined with the iambic pentameter shows regularity in the stresses of the beat, which reflects the motion of the Aspens as they sway consistently in the breeze. We will write a custom essay sample on Discuss Ways in Which Edward Thomas Presents Memory in ‘Aspens’ or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Alternatively, the regularity in the rhythm could reflect the beat of the hammer of the Blacksmith’s, as mentioned in the second stanza to emphasise how the vignette was once active, busy and lively. This is also seen in the sonnet by Robert Frost, Acquainted with the Night, where iambic pentameter could have been used to reflect the constant depressive state the poet experienced at the time. This contrasts with another of Thomas’ poems, ‘Tears’, where his thoughts are disjointed and disorganised as he tries to recollect his memories. Thus the use of free verse and an 18 line stanza, unbroken, is appropriate as it reflects how he struggles to remember. Despite this, the whole stanza is in iambic pentameter but Thomas has used this technique in order to reflect what is going on in his memory. For example, the last 6 lines of the stanza regulate, as all are of the same length, which expresses the formality of the soldiers marching and their systematic organisation. In comparison, ‘Old Man’ has an irregular structure and this use of free verse conveys Thomas’ uncertainty in dealing with the subject of memory. It would be deemed applicable to say that the struggle to reminisce is present in ‘Aldestrop’ as Thomas uses the hyphen at the end of the first line to show the pause in his recollection, as seen similarly and previously in the first line of ‘Tears’ as the use of two hyphens portrays Thomas’ thought process. The theme of emptiness is seen throughout Thomas’ poems. The wartime poet writes of his memory of livelihood and activity in villages, such as the one described in ‘Aspens’, and then how it begins to disappear as a result of war. This is shown as the village is left with a ‘lightless pane and footless road’ causing the village to appear as ‘empty as sky’ and this simile gives a sense of vastness of the effects of the war, emphasising on the emptiness in the poem. Further, the mention of the ‘cross-roads to a ghostly room’ explicates that the village is so empty that it is leading nowhere. This metaphor is ironic as cross-roads are suggestively open gateways and a sense of choice in direction. However this connotation is altered as Thomas uses the metaphor ‘ghostly room’, to portray the vacant village and this is supported by the cross-roads as they lead to emptiness and isolation. This is also seen in ‘Old Man’ as the paradox ‘only an avenue, dark, nameless, without end’ gives a sense of no lead despite the fact that an avenue should lead somewhere. It is clear here that Thomas’ state of depression is reflected in this last line as the imagery conjures connotations of death, gloom and finality. The emptiness is also portrayed in ‘Aspens’ as Thomas describes the ‘ghosts from their abode’, which suggests he is referring to the ghostly memories of the village, comparing them to how things have changed. We also see emptiness in ‘Aldestrop’ as Thomas explains how the unexpected stop is ‘bare’. The reason for this could be because the train was not due to stop at Aldestrop; on the other hand it could indicate the effects of wartime, particularly desolation. Loss of memory is seen in many of Thomas’ poems through different ways. Edna Longley, critic, points out that the part of the mind that remembers is the same part of the mind that generates poetry- the subconscious and comments that in ‘Old Man’ ‘perhaps / thinking perhaps of nothing’ is a rhetorically cunning line break. The verb ‘think’ is central to the poem as is the verb ‘remember’. Particularly in ‘Old Man’ Thomas uses the metaphor ‘I have mislaid the key’ to present his attempt of recollecting his first memory of the plant, Lads-Love. He portrays this as tantalising as he can ‘think of nothing’ when sniffing the herb, which suggests he finds loss of memory as frustrating. This is shown from the anaphora of ‘no’ at the end of the poem as it rightly expresses that the more he tries to remember the less likely the memory will reappear, which further shows his frustration of struggling to regain his memory. Despite this, Thomas makes it clear that the memory brings him sentimentality and this is clearly important to him. He shows that although the smell of the bush is ‘bitter’ he admires the plant because it brings back memories of his daughter. In comparison, Thomas also mentions that names are important in ‘Aldestrop’ as ‘I remember Aldestrop -/ The name’ suggests that the name brings every detail for him. A sense of change in community is seen in various poems by Thomas, due to the effects of war. Most specifically, ‘Aspens’ shows clearly how vibrant and animated the village was once before through the onomatopoeic sounds ‘clink, the hum, the roar’ as they reflect the vivacity that was once present before the war. This is contrasted as the silence is emphasised through the dominance of sibilance through ‘a silent smithy’ and ‘a silent inn’, which emphasises the hollow atmosphere. The silence is further shown by the sibilance in the penultimate line ‘ceaselessly, unreasonably grieves’, which allows the silence of the trees to continue through to the end of the poem. A sense of change is also seen in ‘Aldestrop’ as Thomas uses the metaphor of ‘all the birds’ to represent the people of England as they suffer from the effects of the war as a whole. The fact that Thomas mentions countryside towns such as Oxfordshire and Gloucestershire shows how much Thomas values traditional English scenery and therefore shows his devastation of the effects of war. Thomas uses lots of different techniques in order to portray memory through a communal change, emptiness and as a way of life. Through his language, structure and symbolism within his poems, the reader is able to understand Thomas’ thoughts about memory (those being that it is frustrating to have ‘mislaid the key’ and how memories can change over time) and relate their own experiences with Thomas’ due to his profound and truthful portrayal of memory.